🧠 Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development Erikson’s Theory outlines 8 stages of psychosocial development. Each stage is marked by a conflict between a person’s psychological needs and their social environment. Successfully resolving each conflict leads to healthy development. Stages to Know: 1️⃣ Infancy (Birth - 2 years)
Conflict: Trust vs. Mistrust
➡️ If needs are met: Develops trust in caregivers and the environment 2️⃣ Early Childhood (2-3 years)
Conflict: Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt
➡️ If needs are met: Gains independence and self-confidence 3️⃣ Preschool (3-6 years)
Conflict: Initiative vs. Guilt
➡️ If needs are met: Learns to assert oneself and make decisions 4️⃣ School Age (6-12 years)
Conflict: Industry vs. Inferiority
➡️ If needs are met: Develops a sense of competence and confidence 5️⃣ Adolescence (12-18 years)
Conflict: Identity vs. Role Confusion
➡️ If needs are met: Forms personal identity and values 6️⃣ Young Adulthood (18-40 years)
Conflict: Intimacy vs. Isolation
➡️ If needs are met: Establishes meaningful relationships while maintaining a sense of self 7️⃣ Middle Adulthood (40-65 years)
Conflict: Generativity vs. Stagnation
➡️ If needs are met: Finds purpose through contributions to society 8️⃣ Maturity (65 years - Death)
Conflict: Integrity vs. Despair
➡️ If needs are met: Reflects on life with a sense of fulfillment and acceptance 💬 Comment below if you’re studying this right now, and share this with your nursing study buddies! #nursingschool #nursingstudent #nursingmajor #pediatrics #nclex #nursesoftiktok #nursetok #nursingtiktok #nursingstudentsoftiktok #nclexrn #nclexreview

🦋 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) SLE, or Lupus, is an autoimmune disease that causes systemic inflammation of the connective tissues. * Phagocytosis → Body’s process of “eating” apoptotic cells. * In SLE, phagocytosis is impaired. The body mistakes apoptotic cells for antigens (foreign substances), creating antigen-antibody complexes that lodge into connective tissues and cause inflammation. ⚠️ Symptoms ⭐️ Hallmark Sign: Butterfly rash 🦋 A rash across the cheeks and nose resembling butterfly wings Other Symptoms to Watch For: ➡️ Fatigue ➡️ Fever ➡️ Joint pain, stiffness, swelling ➡️ Hair loss ➡️ Oral lesions ➡️ Anemia symptoms ➡️ Sun sensitivity ➡️ Raynaud’s phenomenon 📚 Patient Education: * Prevent flare-ups by: * Avoiding excess sun (wear sunscreen!) * Getting adequate sleep * Managing stress * Regular exercise * Avoiding sick people to prevent infections 💬 Comment below if you'd like a part 2 and share with a fellow nursing student! #nursingschool #nursingstudent #nursingmajor #nclex #nursesoftiktok #nursetok #nursingtiktok #nursingstudentsoftiktok #nclexrn #lupus #medsurg #nursingeducation

DKA vs HHNS DKA (Diabetic Ketoacidosis) and HHNS (Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome) are two severe complications of diabetes causing severely high blood sugar levels. ⭐️ Key Differences: DKA: * Severe hyperglycemia (blood glucose 250-500+) * Ketone production leads to metabolic acidosis * Fruity breath, Kussmaul respirations, abdominal pain * + Ketones in urine, pH < 7.35, HCO3 < 22 * HHNS: * Severe hyperglycemia (blood glucose 600+) * NO ketones * Hyperosmolarity (thick and sticky blood) * Severe dehydration, altered LOC ❓What electrolyte is especially important to monitor in both DKA and HHNS? ✅Comment below with your answer! #nursingschool #nursingstudent #nursesoftiktok #nursetok #nursingstudentsoftiktok #nursingmajor #nclex #nclexrn #dka #diabetes #nursingtiktok #medsurg

Crohn’s vs. Ulcerative Colitis Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an umbrella term used to describe two conditions: Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). Both conditions cause inflammation and ulcers in the digestive tract, have flare-ups and remission periods, and increase the risk of colon cancer. ⭐️ Key Differences Between Crohn’s and UC: 🟣Crohn’s Disease Location: Affects the entire GI tract (mouth to anus) Bowel Wall Effects: Involves the full thickness of the bowel wall Ulcerations: Patchy and scattered (skip lesions) Symptoms: Diarrhea (not usually bloody) Abscesses in the bowel wall Mouth or GI ulcers RLQ pain 🟡Ulcerative Colitis (UC) Location: Affects the colon and rectum only Bowel Wall Effects: Involves the mucosal layer Ulcerations: Continuous throughout the colon Symptoms: Severe diarrhea with pus/blood (10-20 stools per day) Electrolyte imbalances from excessive diarrhea Weight loss Bowel urgency 💬 Comment below if you'd like a part 2! #nursingstudent #nursingschool #nursingmajor #nursesoftiktok#nursetok#nursingtiktok#nursingstudents #nclex #inflammatoryboweldisease #medsurg #nursingeducation #nclexreview

🫀 PERIPHERAL ARTERY DISEASE (PAD) vs. PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE (PVD) Peripheral ARTERY disease is when the arteries become narrowed, reducing blood flow to the extremities. 
🧠 Remember: Arteries carry OXYGENATED blood AWAY from the heart. Peripheral VASCULAR disease is when the veins are narrowed, leading to pooling of blood in the extremities. 
🧠 Remember: Veins carry DEoxygenated blood back to VISIT the heart. ⭐️Key Differences Between PAD vs. PVD: ➡️ Pulses:
PAD: Decreased/absent
PVD: Present (may need Doppler) ➡️ Skin:
PAD: Dry, thin, shiny, and missing hair
PVD: Thick, tough ➡️ Color and Temperature:
PAD: Pale and cool
PVD: Brown/yellow and warm ➡️ Edema:
PAD: None (due to decreased blood flow)
PVD: Present ➡️ Pain:
PAD: Intermittent claudication (sharp pain with activity that goes away with rest)
PVD: Constant, dull, achy ➡️ Wounds:
PAD: Eschar, necrosis, on toes/tops of feet, deep with a hole-punched look
PVD: Red, granulation, drainage, on medial lower legs/ankles, shallow and irregularly shaped 💬 Comment below if you'd like a part 2, and share with a fellow nursing student! #nursingschool #nursingstudent #pvd #cardiology #nclex #nclexreview #nursingstudentsoftiktok #nursingmajor #nursingtiktok #nursesoftiktok #nursetok