🤰 Signs of Pregnancy In nursing school, you’re going to need to know the different signs of pregnancy. Here’s a breakdown to help you study: Presumptive Signs Possible signs of pregnancy—these are all subjective symptoms reported by the patient. ➡️ Fatigue ➡️ Enlarged and sore breasts ➡️ Missed period ➡️ Urinary frequency ➡️ Nausea and vomiting ➡️ Quickening (sensation of fetal movement) 💡 Not definitive signs, as these could also be caused by other underlying conditions! Probable Signs Likely signs of pregnancy—these are all objective findings measured or assessed through tests. ➡️ Positive pregnancy test ➡️ Ballottement (fetal rebound when the uterus is pushed with a finger) ➡️ Chadwick’s Sign (blue/purple discoloration of the uterus) ➡️ Hegar’s Sign (softening of the lower part of the uterus) ➡️ Braxton Hicks contractions ➡️ Enlarged uterus or abdomen Positive Signs Conclusive signs that provide absolute determination of pregnancy. ➡️ Visualized fetus on ultrasound ➡️ Detectable fetal heart rate ➡️ Delivery of baby ➡️ Fetal movement felt by the provider These signs are definitive and can only be attributed to pregnancy! 💬 Comment + Share with a fellow nursing student! #nursingstudent #nursingstudents #nursingschool #nursesoftiktok #nursingstudentsoftiktok #nclex #motherbabynurse #nursetok #nursingmajor #nursingeducation #nclexreview #nurse

🧠 Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development Erikson’s Theory outlines 8 stages of psychosocial development. Each stage is marked by a conflict between a person’s psychological needs and their social environment. Successfully resolving each conflict leads to healthy development. Stages to Know: 1️⃣ Infancy (Birth - 2 years)
Conflict: Trust vs. Mistrust
➡️ If needs are met: Develops trust in caregivers and the environment 2️⃣ Early Childhood (2-3 years)
Conflict: Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt
➡️ If needs are met: Gains independence and self-confidence 3️⃣ Preschool (3-6 years)
Conflict: Initiative vs. Guilt
➡️ If needs are met: Learns to assert oneself and make decisions 4️⃣ School Age (6-12 years)
Conflict: Industry vs. Inferiority
➡️ If needs are met: Develops a sense of competence and confidence 5️⃣ Adolescence (12-18 years)
Conflict: Identity vs. Role Confusion
➡️ If needs are met: Forms personal identity and values 6️⃣ Young Adulthood (18-40 years)
Conflict: Intimacy vs. Isolation
➡️ If needs are met: Establishes meaningful relationships while maintaining a sense of self 7️⃣ Middle Adulthood (40-65 years)
Conflict: Generativity vs. Stagnation
➡️ If needs are met: Finds purpose through contributions to society 8️⃣ Maturity (65 years - Death)
Conflict: Integrity vs. Despair
➡️ If needs are met: Reflects on life with a sense of fulfillment and acceptance 💬 Comment below if you’re studying this right now, and share this with your nursing study buddies! #nursingschool #nursingstudent #nursingmajor #pediatrics #nclex #nursesoftiktok #nursetok #nursingtiktok #nursingstudentsoftiktok #nclexrn #nclexreview

🦋 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) SLE, or Lupus, is an autoimmune disease that causes systemic inflammation of the connective tissues. * Phagocytosis → Body’s process of “eating” apoptotic cells. * In SLE, phagocytosis is impaired. The body mistakes apoptotic cells for antigens (foreign substances), creating antigen-antibody complexes that lodge into connective tissues and cause inflammation. ⚠️ Symptoms ⭐️ Hallmark Sign: Butterfly rash 🦋 A rash across the cheeks and nose resembling butterfly wings Other Symptoms to Watch For: ➡️ Fatigue ➡️ Fever ➡️ Joint pain, stiffness, swelling ➡️ Hair loss ➡️ Oral lesions ➡️ Anemia symptoms ➡️ Sun sensitivity ➡️ Raynaud’s phenomenon 📚 Patient Education: * Prevent flare-ups by: * Avoiding excess sun (wear sunscreen!) * Getting adequate sleep * Managing stress * Regular exercise * Avoiding sick people to prevent infections 💬 Comment below if you'd like a part 2 and share with a fellow nursing student! #nursingschool #nursingstudent #nursingmajor #nclex #nursesoftiktok #nursetok #nursingtiktok #nursingstudentsoftiktok #nclexrn #lupus #medsurg #nursingeducation

DKA vs HHNS DKA (Diabetic Ketoacidosis) and HHNS (Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome) are two severe complications of diabetes causing severely high blood sugar levels. ⭐️ Key Differences: DKA: * Severe hyperglycemia (blood glucose 250-500+) * Ketone production leads to metabolic acidosis * Fruity breath, Kussmaul respirations, abdominal pain * + Ketones in urine, pH < 7.35, HCO3 < 22 * HHNS: * Severe hyperglycemia (blood glucose 600+) * NO ketones * Hyperosmolarity (thick and sticky blood) * Severe dehydration, altered LOC ❓What electrolyte is especially important to monitor in both DKA and HHNS? ✅Comment below with your answer! #nursingschool #nursingstudent #nursesoftiktok #nursetok #nursingstudentsoftiktok #nursingmajor #nclex #nclexrn #dka #diabetes #nursingtiktok #medsurg

Crohn’s vs. Ulcerative Colitis Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an umbrella term used to describe two conditions: Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). Both conditions cause inflammation and ulcers in the digestive tract, have flare-ups and remission periods, and increase the risk of colon cancer. ⭐️ Key Differences Between Crohn’s and UC: 🟣Crohn’s Disease Location: Affects the entire GI tract (mouth to anus) Bowel Wall Effects: Involves the full thickness of the bowel wall Ulcerations: Patchy and scattered (skip lesions) Symptoms: Diarrhea (not usually bloody) Abscesses in the bowel wall Mouth or GI ulcers RLQ pain 🟡Ulcerative Colitis (UC) Location: Affects the colon and rectum only Bowel Wall Effects: Involves the mucosal layer Ulcerations: Continuous throughout the colon Symptoms: Severe diarrhea with pus/blood (10-20 stools per day) Electrolyte imbalances from excessive diarrhea Weight loss Bowel urgency 💬 Comment below if you'd like a part 2! #nursingstudent #nursingschool #nursingmajor #nursesoftiktok#nursetok#nursingtiktok#nursingstudents #nclex #inflammatoryboweldisease #medsurg #nursingeducation #nclexreview